It depends on your goals really. If you're wanting to have a website that shares opinions or shares information about different subjects articles would be the way to go. Blogs I feel are more personal.
If you want better results now. posting blogs is usually more helpful because it encourages more interaction and connection with people... While articles are good for search engines but blogs help you connect with your audience and build a loyal following more easily today.
It depends on what your audience would rather consume.
Articles and blog posts can almost mean the same thing. They both share the same commonality. The article or blog is created overall by one person, and the engagement side of it is the comment section.
The two can go hand-in-hand.
But do you share your article on third-party sites or create a blog to call your own.
That depends on how you acquire your followers. If on Quora or social media, you might stick to those platforms as it's hard to get those folks off of them.
Otherwise, I would suggest starting a blog and giving it a few years to see if it works out.
When you talk about text based online content that is long you can call it either article or blog. The word article is older than blog, blog was basically used for online article that was personal in writing.
I think the two can kind of be used hand in hand. Blogs, like others have said, give a more personal touch to what the author is writing. While best to stay on topic with whatever niche the blog is in, there's a little more wiggle room to deviate from that from time to time if desired. Not all the time, of course, so as not to deter your main audience, but an occasional post here and there that's off topic likely won't hurt anything. (It may even help!) Articles, on the other hand, are more strict in the sense that going off topic, so to speak, is more frowned upon. They're more "professional," I guess, in the sense that you'll want to stay within your niche, but you can still take a personal twist to it if you wanted to.
Both are beneficial though, and I've seen sites with both that have worked out quite well!