Linux is great for programmers which would be beneficial for me.
Some would argue that Linux is better for everyone.
The main thing that stops it entering the mainstream is games and inertia.
If you're a big gamer, then there are a lot of games which simply don't work on Linux.
For a server, Linux is basically a no-brainer with the nonsense costs Microsoft comes up with, the awful stability, the awful support from any open source software, etc.
While it can get by as a "development environment", it's awful for production (who's up for random crashes and inscrutable 10x slowdowns?).
Plenty of programmers do use Windows however. When Go added support for Windows a few years ago, it jumped from relatively low profile to fairly successful with no end to growth in sight.
Also, another thing is that Android uses Linux, so more often than not, people are already using Linux without really realising it. As for iOS, it uses some flavour of BSD. The BSDs are some of Linux's actual rivals.
No, it doesn't. It was originally written for Windows but has since been ported over to OSX and Linux. I use Putty every day at work, it's just a terminal emulator, that's it. It's nothing more, nothing less. It isn't a flavor of Linux.
Maybe, he means that it usually connects to a Linux server? Dunno what to make of it.
Linux distros do have GUIs, it's not all console, but it's a bit inefficient to run a GUI on a server and to remote desktop in every-time you want to get something done. And it'll probably lag badly.